Mishpatim (מִּשְׁפָּטִים)
Exodus 21:1 – 24:18
Third Aliyah
22:4
If a person grazes a field or a vineyard, and lets his livestock loose so that it grazes in another person’s field, he must make restitution with the best of his field and the best of his vineyard.
If a person grazes a field or a vineyard, and lets his livestock loose so that it grazes in another person’s field, he must make restitution with the best of his field and the best of his vineyard.
Ki yav’er-ish sadeh o-cherem veshilach et-be’iroh uvi’er bisdeh acher meytav sadehu umeytav karmo yeshalem.
כִּי יַבְעֶר-אִישׁ, שָׂדֶה אוֹ-כֶרֶם, וְשִׁלַּח אֶת-בְּעִירֹה, וּבִעֵר בִּשְׂדֵה אַחֵר–מֵיטַב שָׂדֵהוּ וּמֵיטַב כַּרְמוֹ, יְשַׁלֵּם.
22:5
If fire gets out of control and spreads through weeds, and [then] consumes bound or standing grain or a field, the one who started the fire must make restitution.
If fire gets out of control and spreads through weeds, and [then] consumes bound or standing grain or a field, the one who started the fire must make restitution.
Ki-tetse esh umatse’ah kotsim vene’echal gadish o hakamah o hasadeh shalem yeshalem hamave’ir et-habe’erah.
כִּי-תֵצֵא אֵשׁ וּמָצְאָה קֹצִים, וְנֶאֱכַל גָּדִישׁ, אוֹ הַקָּמָה, אוֹ הַשָּׂדֶה–שַׁלֵּם יְשַׁלֵּם, הַמַּבְעִר אֶת-הַבְּעֵרָה.
22:6
If one person gives another money or articles to watch, and they are stolen from the house of the person [keeping them], then if the thief is found, [the thief] must make [the usual] double restitution.
If one person gives another money or articles to watch, and they are stolen from the house of the person [keeping them], then if the thief is found, [the thief] must make [the usual] double restitution.
Ki-yiten ish el-re’ehu kesef o-chelim lishmor vegunav mibeyt ha’ish im-yimatse haganav yeshalem shnayim.
כִּי-יִתֵּן אִישׁ אֶל-רֵעֵהוּ כֶּסֶף אוֹ-כֵלִים, לִשְׁמֹר, וְגֻנַּב, מִבֵּית הָאִישׁ–אִם-יִמָּצֵא הַגַּנָּב, יְשַׁלֵּם שְׁנָיִם.
22:7
If the thief is not found, the owner of the house shall be brought to the courts, [where he must swear] that he did not lay a hand on his neighbor’s property.
If the thief is not found, the owner of the house shall be brought to the courts, [where he must swear] that he did not lay a hand on his neighbor’s property.
Im-lo yimatse haganav venikrav ba’al-habayit el-ha’Elohim im-lo shalach yado bimelechet re’ehu.
אִם-לֹא יִמָּצֵא הַגַּנָּב, וְנִקְרַב בַּעַל-הַבַּיִת אֶל-הָאֱלֹהִים: אִם-לֹא שָׁלַח יָדוֹ, בִּמְלֶאכֶת רֵעֵהוּ.
22:8
In every case of dishonesty, whether it involves an ox, a donkey, a sheep, a garment, or anything else that was [allegedly] lost, and [witnesses] testify that it was seen, both parties’ claims must be brought to the courts. The person whom the courts declare guilty must then make double restitution to the other.
In every case of dishonesty, whether it involves an ox, a donkey, a sheep, a garment, or anything else that was [allegedly] lost, and [witnesses] testify that it was seen, both parties’ claims must be brought to the courts. The person whom the courts declare guilty must then make double restitution to the other.
Al-kol-dvar-pesha al-shor al-chamor al-seh al-salmah al-kol-avedah asher yomar ki-hu zeh ad ha’Elohim yavo dvar-shneyhem asher yarshi’un Elohim yeshalem shnayim lere’ehu.
עַל-כָּל-דְּבַר-פֶּשַׁע עַל-שׁוֹר עַל-חֲמוֹר עַל-שֶׂה עַל-שַׂלְמָה עַל-כָּל-אֲבֵדָה, אֲשֶׁר יֹאמַר כִּי-הוּא זֶה–עַד הָאֱלֹהִים, יָבֹא דְּבַר-שְׁנֵיהֶם: אֲשֶׁר יַרְשִׁיעֻן אֱלֹהִים, יְשַׁלֵּם שְׁנַיִם לְרֵעֵהוּ.
22:9
If one person gives another a donkey, an ox, a sheep, or any other animal to watch, and it dies, is maimed, or is carried off in a raid, without eye witnesses,
If one person gives another a donkey, an ox, a sheep, or any other animal to watch, and it dies, is maimed, or is carried off in a raid, without eye witnesses,
Ki-yiten ish el-re’ehu chamor o-shor o-seh vechol-behemah lishmor umet o-nishbar o-nishba eyn ro’eh.
כִּי-יִתֵּן אִישׁ אֶל-רֵעֵהוּ חֲמוֹר אוֹ-שׁוֹר אוֹ-שֶׂה, וְכָל-בְּהֵמָה–לִשְׁמֹר; וּמֵת אוֹ-נִשְׁבַּר אוֹ-נִשְׁבָּה, אֵין רֹאֶה.
22:10
then the case between the two must be decided on the basis of an oath to God. If [the person keeping the animal] did not make use of the other’s property, the owner must accept it, and [the person keeping the animal] need not pay.
then the case between the two must be decided on the basis of an oath to God. If [the person keeping the animal] did not make use of the other’s property, the owner must accept it, and [the person keeping the animal] need not pay.
Shvu’at Adonay tihyeh beyn shneyhem im-lo shalach yado bimlechet re’ehu velakach be’alav velo yeshalem.
שְׁבֻעַת יְהוָה, תִּהְיֶה בֵּין שְׁנֵיהֶם–אִם-לֹא שָׁלַח יָדוֹ, בִּמְלֶאכֶת רֵעֵהוּ; וְלָקַח בְּעָלָיו, וְלֹא יְשַׁלֵּם.
22:11
However, if it was stolen from [the keeper], then he must make restitution to [the animal’s] owner.
However, if it was stolen from [the keeper], then he must make restitution to [the animal’s] owner.
Ve’im-ganov yiganev me’imo yeshalem live’alav.
וְאִם-גָּנֹב יִגָּנֵב, מֵעִמּוֹ–יְשַׁלֵּם, לִבְעָלָיו.
22:12
If [the animal] was killed by a wild beast and [the keeper] can provide evidence, he need not make restitution for the attacked animal.
If [the animal] was killed by a wild beast and [the keeper] can provide evidence, he need not make restitution for the attacked animal.
Im-tarof yitaref yevi’ehu ed hatrefah lo yeshalem.
אִם-טָרֹף יִטָּרֵף, יְבִאֵהוּ עֵד: הַטְּרֵפָה, לֹא יְשַׁלֵּם.
22:13
If a person borrows something from another, and it becomes broken or dies, and the owner is not involved with [the borrower], then [the borrower] must make full restitution.
If a person borrows something from another, and it becomes broken or dies, and the owner is not involved with [the borrower], then [the borrower] must make full restitution.
Vechi-yish’al ish me’im re’ehu venishbar o-met be’alav eyn-imo shalem yeshalem.
וְכִי-יִשְׁאַל אִישׁ מֵעִם רֵעֵהוּ, וְנִשְׁבַּר אוֹ-מֵת; בְּעָלָיו אֵין-עִמּוֹ, שַׁלֵּם יְשַׁלֵּם.
22:14
However, if the owner was involved with him, then [the borrower] need not make restitution. If the article was hired, [the loss] is covered by the rental price.
However, if the owner was involved with him, then [the borrower] need not make restitution. If the article was hired, [the loss] is covered by the rental price.
Im-be’alav imo lo yeshalem im-sachir hu ba bischaro.
אִם-בְּעָלָיו עִמּוֹ, לֹא יְשַׁלֵּם: אִם-שָׂכִיר הוּא, בָּא בִּשְׂכָרוֹ.
22:15
If a man seduces a virgin who is not betrothed, he must pay a dowry and must marry her.
If a man seduces a virgin who is not betrothed, he must pay a dowry and must marry her.
Vechi-yefateh ish betulah asher lo-orasah veshachav imah mahor yimeharenah lo le’ishah.
וְכִי-יְפַתֶּה אִישׁ, בְּתוּלָה אֲשֶׁר לֹא-אֹרָשָׂה–וְשָׁכַב עִמָּהּ: מָהֹר יִמְהָרֶנָּה לּוֹ, לְאִשָּׁה.
22:16
If her father refuses to allow him to marry her, then he must pay [the father] the usual dowry money for virgins.
If her father refuses to allow him to marry her, then he must pay [the father] the usual dowry money for virgins.
Im-ma’en yema’en aviha letitah lo kesef yishkol kemohar habetulot.
אִם-מָאֵן יְמָאֵן אָבִיהָ, לְתִתָּהּ לוֹ–כֶּסֶף יִשְׁקֹל, כְּמֹהַר הַבְּתוּלֹת.
22:17
Do not allow a sorceress to live.
Do not allow a sorceress to live.
Mechashefah lo techayeh.
מְכַשֵּׁפָה, לֹא תְחַיֶּה.
22:18
Whoever lies with an animal must be put to death.
Whoever lies with an animal must be put to death.
Kol-shochev im-behemah mot yumat.
כָּל-שֹׁכֵב עִם-בְּהֵמָה, מוֹת יוּמָת.
22:19
Whoever sacrifices to any deity other than God alone must be condemned to death.
Whoever sacrifices to any deity other than God alone must be condemned to death.
Zove’ach la’Elohim yochoram bilti l’Adonay levado.
זֹבֵחַ לָאֱלֹהִים, יָחֳרָם–בִּלְתִּי לַיהוָה, לְבַדּוֹ.
22:20
Do not hurt the feelings of a foreigner or oppress him, for you were foreigners in Egypt.
Do not hurt the feelings of a foreigner or oppress him, for you were foreigners in Egypt.
Veger lo-toneh velo tilchatsenu ki-gerim heyitem be’erets Mitsrayim.
וְגֵר לֹא-תוֹנֶה, וְלֹא תִלְחָצֶנּוּ: כִּי-גֵרִים הֱיִיתֶם, בְּאֶרֶץ מִצְרָיִם.
22:21
Do not mistreat a widow or an orphan.
Do not mistreat a widow or an orphan.
Kol-almanah veyatom lo te’anun.
כָּל-אַלְמָנָה וְיָתוֹם, לֹא תְעַנּוּן.
22:22
If you mistreat them, and they cry out to Me, I will hear their cry.
If you mistreat them, and they cry out to Me, I will hear their cry.
Im-aneh te’aneh oto ki im-tsa’ok yits’ak elay shamoa eshma tsa’akato.
אִם-עַנֵּה תְעַנֶּה, אֹתוֹ–כִּי אִם-צָעֹק יִצְעַק אֵלַי, שָׁמֹעַ אֶשְׁמַע צַעֲקָתוֹ.
22:23
I will [then] display My anger and kill you by the sword, so that your wives will be widows, and your children, orphans.
I will [then] display My anger and kill you by the sword, so that your wives will be widows, and your children, orphans.
Vecharah api veharagti etchem becharev vehayu nesheychem almanot uvneychem yetomim.
וְחָרָה אַפִּי, וְהָרַגְתִּי אֶתְכֶם בֶּחָרֶב; וְהָיוּ נְשֵׁיכֶם אַלְמָנוֹת, וּבְנֵיכֶם יְתֹמִים.
22:24
When you lend money to My people, to the poor man among you, do not press him for repayment. [Also] do not take interest from him.
When you lend money to My people, to the poor man among you, do not press him for repayment. [Also] do not take interest from him.
Im-kesef talveh et-ami et-he’ani imach lo-tihyeh lo kenoshe lo-tesimun alav neshech.
אִם-כֶּסֶף תַּלְוֶה אֶת-עַמִּי, אֶת-הֶעָנִי עִמָּךְ–לֹא-תִהְיֶה לוֹ, כְּנֹשֶׁה; לֹא-תְשִׂימוּן עָלָיו, נֶשֶׁךְ.
22:25
If you take your neighbor’s garment as security [for a loan], you must return it to him before sunset.
If you take your neighbor’s garment as security [for a loan], you must return it to him before sunset.
Im-chavol tachbol salmat re’echa ad-bo hashemesh teshivenu lo.
אִם-חָבֹל תַּחְבֹּל, שַׂלְמַת רֵעֶךָ–עַד-בֹּא הַשֶּׁמֶשׁ, תְּשִׁיבֶנּוּ לוֹ.
22:26
This alone is his covering, the garment for his skin. With what shall he sleep? Therefore, if he cries out to Me, I will listen, for I am compassionate.
This alone is his covering, the garment for his skin. With what shall he sleep? Therefore, if he cries out to Me, I will listen, for I am compassionate.
Ki hi chesutoh levadah hi simlato le’oro bameh yishkav vehayah ki-yits’ak elay veshamati ki-chanun ani.
כִּי הִוא כְסוּתֹה לְבַדָּהּ, הִוא שִׂמְלָתוֹ לְעֹרוֹ; בַּמֶּה יִשְׁכָּב–וְהָיָה כִּי-יִצְעַק אֵלַי, וְשָׁמַעְתִּי כִּי-חַנּוּן אָנִי.